Kill Bill as a Feminist Statement Essay Example

Kill Bill as a Feminist Statement Paper Kill Bill Church Feminism , in general terms, is a movement for womens empowerment. It comprises a wide range of social, cultural and political movements and Is concerned with gender inequalities and equal rights for women. Feminist movement has generated feminist theory which puts feminist Ideas Into theoretical background. It alms at understanding the nature of Inequality and focuses on gender politics , power relations and sexuality. It explores a broad scope of themes such as discrimination, stereotyping, objectification, especially sexual one, oppression and patriarchy. Feminist literary criticism derived from feminist theory and It deals with traditions and conventions of patriarchy, a social system In which , from the feminist point of view , men hold all the power. The dominance and superiority of men over women which result from this social construct exist In literary, historical and cultural contexts. Feminist criticism studies texts and considers the approaches to womens portrayal and position in the text. From this particular point of view , a feminist text, a work of literature or a film , needs to posses certain features and stress particular issues such as encouragement of female empowerment and abandonment of the stereotypical way of portraying a woman, it should challenge gender role model and a patriarchal system of society. We will write a custom essay sample on Kill Bill as a Feminist Statement specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Kill Bill as a Feminist Statement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Kill Bill as a Feminist Statement specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In 2003, an American film director Question Fiction, Reservoir his fourth film Kill Bill, which was released in two installments, Kill Bill Volvo. in 2003, Kill Bill Volvo. 2 in 2004. During the press conference before the premiere of Kill Bill Volvo. L in August 2003, Question Titration was asked if he considered his film a feminist statement since it was dominated by strong women. He answered Erm, I would probably use the word girl power (www. Camera. Co. UK) which has generated a great deal of heated debate among feminists. The structure of Kill Bill is based on the structure of a novel. It is divided into two volumes, with five chapters each. It tells the story of The Bride aka Black Mamba aka Beatrice Kiddo, who takes revenge on Bill, her former lover and master at the art of assassination. , and also on his subordinates , the Deadly Viper Assassination Squad (D. Iv. A. S) for trying to murder her and her unborn baby during her wedding rehearsal (volume 1, chapter 2). They kill everybody present In the church and The Bride is the last one to be assassinated. Before she manages to tell 8111 he Is the babys father, he shoots her In her head. However, The Bride survives and falls Into coma of which she comes out after four years. She finds out that she had lost her baby and Is determined to take revenge on the assassins who led her to that point. In order to analyses the film from the feminist point of view, It Is necessary to mention the term of the male gaze, Introduced by feminist film theory. The term the gaze/ look generally refers both to the way all audience views he people presented In different forms of visual culture and to the gaze of those appearing in visual texts . Feminist film criticism theory has pointed to the male gaze predominantly present in Hollywood cinema. Laura Mulled, a British film theorist and maker, in her essay Visual Pleasure And Narrative Cinema argues that a cinema provides a spectator with different pleasures, like chipolatas, ( 587) which Is a pleasure Trot looking an a Intercalation Walt n ten male actor appearing In a value medium, however, she believes it is only true for a male spectator . The male gaze roses the audience to perceive the action and characters from the male perspective , which sexually objectifies women and exhibit unequal power relationship. She points out that In a world of sexual imbalance, pleasure in looking has been split between active/ male and passive/ female. ( Mulled 589) In this regard, cinema oppresses women , not only those being looked at, but also female spectators who do the looking. Taking it into consideration, Kill Bill seems to be quite innovative. Although it is an action film which is traditionally directed at a male spectator, it does not employ the male gaze. Female characters are portrayed in a manner that may be viewed as breaking the convention of the genre. The stereotypical image of a woman in an action film is reducing them to the position of sexual objects rather than subjects with their subjective way of thinking. As Mulled notices: The determining male gaze projects its phantasm onto the male figure, which is styled accordingly. In their traditional exhibitionist role women are simultaneously looked at and displayed, with their appearance coded for strong visual and erotic impact so that they can be said to connote to-be-looked-at-news. Woman displayed as sexual object is the leitmotif of erotic spectacle Olds the look, plays to and signifies male desire (Mulled, 589) Women are generally portrayed as flat characters, constructed in a way that would meet a male heterosexual spectators expectations and epiphanies. The role they perform is simply decorative. However , Kill Bill moves away from this practice. Female characters are very attractive but, at the same time, they are not reduced to the status of sex symbols. Their sexuality is hidden in a way, it is not overemphasized and does no create an opportunity for a male spectator o get sexual pleasure from looking at them. The clothes the women are wearing are not gendered, they resemble rather a kind of elegant modern armor and do not evoke any sexual connotation. The Brides most memorable outfit is her yellow and black Jumpsuit, which seems to suggest she is deadly dangerous, like poisonous animals. An interesting example of playing with the male gaze in Kill Bill may be found in the scene in which Bud ( Michael Madsen ), Bills brother manages to enable The Bride from killing him and shoots her in the chest with rock salt ( Volvo. , chapter 7 ) . While The Bride is lying on the ground, Bud is kneeling beside her and the gaze appears- they exchange looks. The whole scene is constructed in a classic western film manner. Beatrice looks very fragile, Bud is masculine, the position of their bodies suggests male dominance and female passivity. When Beatrice spits into Buds face, a spectator expects him to wipe his face with a superior smirk, however, he does something else. He spits back with a heavy load of thick saliva and makes a comment Ã'›l win. Paradoxically, it reveals his weakness and feeling of inferiority, he is very proud to have captured a dangerous arrow and cannot resist the temptation to humiliate her. The whole scene does not evoke any sexual connotations and is a kind of the reversal of the male gaze. The issue of power relations present in the scene mentioned above, is frequently accentuated in Ã'›Kill Bill. The most explicit example is the relation between The Bride and her male counterpart Bill ( David Circadian), who has all the features of a patriarchy figure. Bill is a very authoritarian person, he manipulates people, especially women, cynically slung tenet emotions to make teem moment to Nils orders, like it is illustrated by his relationship with Ell Driver( Daryl Hannah). Beatrice Kiddo used to be his pupil whom he mastered in the art of assassination and was his lover as well, however, she managed to free herself from dependency on men and become a self- assured woman who do not need a male authority to help her create and define herself. The moment she does that, she assumes the power and takes the dominant position. Bills weaknesses are exposed, it is him who is driven by emotions and overreacts, as he calls it. His attempt at killing Beatrice was caused by his hurt leaning, after she abandoned him to start a new living with another man. Their last (Volvo. 2. , last chapter) meeting, preceding their duel, reveals his real nature, ruled by male ambition. In order to find out the true reason for her betrayal he shoots her with a dart filled with truth serum. After she reveals the truth about her pregnancy and decision not to let her child be born into the world of crime and violence, a spectator could expect they will resolve to stay together especially bearing in mind that The Brides daughter, B. B. ( Pearl Haney-Sardine) was saved after the massacre in he church and lives with Bill. Nevertheless, The Bride has freed herself from an influence of Bill, she also rejects the typical model off family and after a fight she kills him. In the end he salutes to her and seems to admit it is her who has a superior position in their relationship. Bill is only one of the examples of male inferiority in comparison to moral and physical supremacy of women. The Bride is obviously the strongest female character, nevertheless, she is only one of the whole gallery of dominant female figures. They are portrayed as multidimensional harassers, with their past and psychological profile. Their cruelty is in a way explained by the story of their lives and a spectator sympathizes with them whereas the overall image of the majority of male characters in Kill Bill is fairly negative. They are full of vices, they are driven by primitive forces and lack any respect towards women. Moreover, they are punished by women for their inappropriate attitude towards women. The examples are numerous , including Beatrice killing Buck (Michael Bowen) who has been selling sexual access to her body as she laid comatose, as well s assassinating a man who had Just paid Buck for raping her(Volvo. L, chapters) . Furthermore, another illustration of female empowerment is the case of O-Rene Sushi ( Lucy Lieu ) who becomes the leader of Tokyo gangs. After one of the bosses Tanana ( June Kumara ) expresses his disagreement and offends her, she decapitates him, stressing her new dominant position in the world of Japanese crime. The only positive male figures appearing in Ã'›Kill Bill are Hatters Hanna ( Sonny Chubb) , a swordfish who breaks an oath he has made not to produce any tools that kill, urges a sword for her. Another positive figure is Pap Me (Gordon Lieu), a legendary martial arts master who trains her and whose tutelage turn out to play a crucial role in The Brides life twice once, she is able to rescue herself from the buried coffin, second time she uses Five Point Palm Exploding Heart Technique, to kill Bill. What needs to be emphasized, is the fact that Hatters Hanna and Pap Me do not belong to the Western culture and simultaneously, are not representatives of the patriarchal structure of society associated with Western world by feminists. In contrary to the active relations between men and women, the relations between women are embedded with mutual respect, even if deeply hidden, and to some extent, a feeling AT loyalty related to Dealing a woman. I en aspect AT womens solitary Is Illustrated In numerous ways, for example in the scene of the duel between The Bride and O-Rene (Volvo. , chapter 5), when the latter apologies for underestimating and mocking at the former one. Moreover, even The Brides enemy, Ell Driver ( Darryl Hannah) who is jealous of Bill, reveals her respect and admiration for The Bride, by means of assassinating Bud(Volvo. 2, chapter 9) . As she explains to Bud before he dies, The Bride ,whom she considers dead , was the greatest warrior Ell has ever known and did not deserve to have been killed by such a pathetic figure as Bud. Another good illustration of the point is the scene in which Beatrice finds out she is pregnant(Volvo. 2, last chapter). The woman she is to assassinate, Lisa Wong, Aviatrixs last assignment, agrees to withdraw simply because of the fact Beatrice is pregnant. If it was a man it would never be possible for Beatrice to convince him to give up on the clash. Ã'›Kill Bill is innovative not only by means of creating a new image of a woman in an action film, it breaks new ground in terms of presenting a new image of a mother. Throughout the whole film, the main driving force giving The Bride the strength and determination is the will to take revenge for, as she believes, killing her baby. The issue of maternity is highly debatable among feminists. One of the aspects is single motherhood, still condemned by a society. Kill Bill presents a new image of a single mother, who would do anything in order to be with her child, regardless the amount f pain she has to bear. One could even claim that it is the motherhood that moves the plot and signifies the most important moments in the film. The first one is the moment Beatrice finds out she is pregnant. In the aforementioned scene, in which Beatrice is supposed to kill Lisa Wong, she appears at the door the moment Beatrice interprets the result of the pregnancy test to discover she is going to have a baby. The woman breaks into the hotel room and , while Beatrice and Lisa are aiming at each other with their guns, Beatrice reveals to Lisa she is pregnant and begs her to go away. At this particular point she makes her first sacrifice on behalf of her unborn daughter, because she is aware that not fulfilling the assignment is highly unprofessional and will not be easily forgotten by Bill whom she decides to leave in order to save her child from the influence of the crime world. Another moment , in which maternity unifies women hostile to each other is the fight between Beatrice and Veering Green ( Vicar A. Fox) . Len the middle of their vicious fight , Veronicas daughter arrives home and it makes the two woman stop in order to enable the little girl from eyeing her mother in such a situation. Furthermore, the moment The Bride finds her daughter B. B. Perfectly safe, living with her father Bill, she is so determined to keep her only for herself that she does not hesitate to kill Bill in order to protect her daughter from the negative influence not only of the criminal world of hired assassins, but also from the patriarchal concept of a family. The next morning after her fight with Bill, she cries hysterically on the motel bathroom floor and she seems to suffer after her lovers death, but as the camera moves closer it turns out that she s constantly repeating Thank you, happy and grateful for staying alive and having her daughter back. The importance of motherhood in the film is very much stressed by the exit quote : The lioness has rejoined the cub. All is right in the Jungle. ( Kill Bill Volvo. 2, Last Chapter) To summaries, Kill Bill has all the features of a feminists statement. It presents the dominance of strong impressive women who are contrasted Walt weak, morally Ana phonically Interior men. I en Tamale snatchers are assuming their position of power and finds a new place in the patriarchal world f men. The film rejects gender stereotypes and seems to redefine a woman by merging two aspects-being a warrior and a mother. However, it would be difficult to call it an iconic feminist film, bearing in mind the words of the director, Titration, who asked about his popular success replies: I dont think about the audience. The audience is above all me; Im my own audience. I make films for film lovers like me. The question I ask myself is, What would I pay $7 to seer (http://www. Festival- Cannes. FRR/en/article/42898. HTML). Probably it would be more reasonable not to treat he message of the film too seriously and instead of that, simply enjoy the play with stereotypes and genre conventions. BIBLIOGRAPHY Mulled, Laura. Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema. Literary Theory : An Anthology.

Supply Chain Re-engineering Consultancy Project - Task 6 Case Study

Supply Chain Re-engineering Consultancy Project - Task 6 Case Study Supply Chain Re SUPPLY CHAIN RE-ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY PROJECT - TASK 6 By of the of the of the school: The supply chain of the company is ineffective. The management can make some important changes to increase the efficiency by putting in practice best practices. First, they should increase the areas of production of the wooden jigsaws. This would eliminate the current stock of approximately â‚ ¬ 20000 being held. In addition, this would increase the efficiency of the supply chain. Also, the company should look for new suppliers who have lesser lead time. The delivery of the supplies in time is very crucial to supply chain (Valverde, and Talla 2012).Moreover, they should employ an automated hammer that hammers the pins into the jigsaws. Furthermore, the fret sawing area should be moved to be near the drill and pin area. This would reduce the time taken in transporting the pinned sheets from the drill and pin area to the fret sawing area.The highly experienced operators should be retained, this would ensure that there are no delays in the supply chain. This is because the training of a new operator takes about two years to be fully proficient. In addition, the company should ensure only skilled labor is employed in the cutting section. The cost of employing unskilled labor is very high. It may result to the blade breaking which may cause delays in the supply chain.Ultimately, management should install blade guards to take care of the operators. In addition, the cutting should be done in a well-ventilated area to ensure that the health of the operators is not at risk. Injuries and ill-operators can cause the supply chain to be inefficient. Also, the cutting of the jigsaws should be automated in order to produce similar batches. If implemented this would render the guillotine section useless and would reduce the supply chain, making it faster.ReferencesValverde, R. and Talla, M. R. 2012. Information systems reengineering for modern business systems. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference.

The Public Health and Social Services Research Paper

The Public Health and Social Services - Research Paper Example Public health policies are implemented on a community level on the basis of the need of the local population. In 1914, a study regarding the effect of public health implemented on a national level yielded disappointing result related to solving health issues in the community level, thus, inclusion of other services redefined public health provision. In addition to the immediate treatment of community, legislation includes other important roles which define the modern state of public health. One is the establishment of a local facility within the community that can provide chronic disease prevention and medical care which means that on emergency cases wherein the whole community’s health is at state, the said public health unit has the power to lead and connect to other agencies to resolve the issues. Examples include epidemics or diseases related to different forms of calamities (Turnock, 2011, p.7-9). Included in the important part of the local public health department benchm arks are public health nurses (1 in every 5,000 people), environmental health workers (1 in every 25,000 people), clerical staff (1 in every 15,000 people), and other health professionals such as clinicians, dentists, dental hygienists, lab workers, health educators and others as needed on a part-time basis (NACCHO, 2011, p.4). Another pertinent role of the community public health unit recognized is public research and education, thus, the other benchmarks health professional roles had been included. Inputs on promotion, implementation and amendments of public health policies are also included in the role of the public health unit to ensure continuous improvement of the services related to the health of the public (Turnock,

Business Cycle Properties and Marco Forecasting of the Australian Essay

Business Cycle Properties and Marco Forecasting of the Australian Economy - Essay Example Unemployment is a countercyclical variable but may also perform as a leading indicator of GDP. The prospects for Australia are encouraging. The country’s economy has sustained one of the longest, most progressive runs in the world as cited by the IMF, and despite the recent slump in housing prices, a slight rise in exports and relative weakness in the Australian dollar, the prospects appear encouraging for the country as its macroeconomic variables show stability even through the global economic crisis. Although interest rates had risen somewhat in the past, the government intends to continue lowering interest rates to encourage consumption spending, which according to this study will likely spur continued economic expansion. Introduction The health of the economy of any country is dependent upon the insightful and timely application of the appropriate economic policies by the governing authority. However, deciding on which policy to adopt and the manner in which it should be implemented are not easily discernible by mere intuition. Reliance on the measurement of certain macroeconomic variables is crucial to forecasting the possible directions the economy may take, whether the implemented policies are helpful in propelling the economy towards the desired goal, or whether they are detrimental to the economic welfare of the nation. This report provides a cursory examination of Australia’s macroeconomic variables and their behaviour, with the aim of determining their usefulness in providing insight into the future directions of the Australian economy, as well as their effectiveness as tools in discerning the appropriate economic policy to be adopted to ensure progress. Ten variables are specified consisting of productivity, investment, expenditure, and nominal variables, so as to determine their relationship to GDP as the measure of economic health and viability. During the course of the correlational studies, the nominal variables including broad mo ney supply, inflation, long-term and short-term interest rates, and currency exchange rates, were tested and found uncorrelated with GDP. As a modification of the original study by Fisher, Otto and Voss (1996), this study further sought to correlate the four aforementioned monetary variables with M3 in an attempt to determine whether or not they exerted any influence upon each other. It will be noted that interest rates and currency exchange rates were tools of monetary policy, while inflation rate is a vital price indicator, all of which are related in theory to money supply. The supporting graphs showing superimposed correlated variables are shown in the Appendices A to J, for both the quarter-to-quarter growth rates as well as the quarterly year-on-year (YOY) growth rates. Macroeconomic variables, their cyclicality and indicator properties Several macroeconomic and monetary variables exhibit cyclicalities as a result of their being correlated with the output. The following table shows the resulting correlational coefficients of each of the variables with their respective output. The first set of variables consists of monetary variables which are the subject of monetary policy employed by the government to control the money supply in the market, which in turn determines the inflation rate. Too much money chasing too few products usually results in accelerated

You Have read about HITECH Act,HIPAA,ARRA,and electronic Essay

You Have read about HITECH Act,HIPAA,ARRA,and electronic signatures.Summarize the intentof one of these laws and its impact on your practice - Essay Example Such HIT includes electronic health records and secure and private exchange of electronic health information (McGonigle & Mastrian, 2015). McGonigle and Mastrian (2015) outlines that, in subtitle D, the HITECH Act addresses and states the security and privacy concerns linked with the electronic transmission or diffusion of health information. In part, the Act has numerous provisions that reinforce the criminal and civil enforcement of the HIPAA rules. These provisions have a great impact on health provision and general healthcare. As a records nurse practitioner and officer, I am greatly influenced with the HITECH Act. I am involved in numerous exchanges of health care records and information. My work must be discrete and private to ensure security of healthcare information and patients’ health records. Through the Act, I now exercise more caution and care to ensure that the electronic health information and files do not land in wrong hands. In its section, there are penalties for violation of the Act. The regulations and penalties ensure that practitioners, particularly in health records, cautiously carry out their work diligently to ensure and enhance the safety and security of health information and patients’ health records (McGonigle & Mastrian,

Cadbury Business Analysis

Cadbury Business Analysis Cadbury, a brand well known and loved by millions around the world, had a very humble beginning. It began with the opening of a grocers shop in Ball Street, Birmingham in the year 1824 by John Cadbury. This grew to become the most recognisable brands in the world. In most parts of the world just the word Cadbury symbolises chocolate. John who as a young Quaker was against alcohol sold tea, coffee, cocoa and drinking chocolate at his shop at the beginning, later he started producing cocoa and chocolate. After few years his brother Benjamin joined and later they got a Warrant as manufacturers of chocolate and cocoa to Queen Victoria. Later when John Cadbury retired his sons Richard and George took over the company. They thought the company could not survive in the dirty conditions of the city and were egger to move it out of Birmingham, they setup a factory 4 miles from the city and had a concept in mind which was factory in garden, to provide hygienic working environment for their emp loyees, the factory had opened in the year 1879. The Cadbury brothers had named it Bournville. There was a rapid increase in the work force of the company by late 1880s and the factory was expanded. The first ever Cadbury chocolate bar was launched in the year 1897 and their famous brand Cadburys Dairy milk began in the year 1905. By the end of the 1930s Cadbury had become the 24th largest manufacturing firm in the Britain. The Cadbury brothers believed that all human beings should live in peace and should be treated properly, which lead to the building of houses, schools and many other things for the community for which the Bournville Village Trust was set up George Cadbury. Then in the year 1969 the Cadbury brand merged with Schweppes to form Cadbury Schweppes, after this merger there was no owner from the Cadbury family till date. In the year 2008 Cadbury and Schweppes were demerged separating its confectionary and drinks business. Recently on February 2, 2010, Cadbury became part of Kraft Foods, the American giant in confectionery, food, and beverage. Source: (http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/8467489.stm, http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/8411696.stm). 2. Micro Environment:  SWOT Analysis 2.1 SWOT: A SWOT analysis allows managers to focus clearly on the meaningful strengths (S) and weaknesses (W) in the firms internal environment and opportunities (O) and threats coming from outside the firm, the external environment. A SWOT analysis enables a firm to develop strategies that make use of what the firm does best in seizing opportunities for growth while at the same time avoiding external threats that might hurt the firms sales and profits. So below I have done I SWOT analysis of Cadbury (Solomon, Marshall, Stuart, Barnes, Mitchell Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 66). Strengths Cadbury is worlds top most chocolate provider which has international reputation. Cadbury is well know and easily identifiable brand among. Cadbury is well known force in marketing and distribution strategies that is one of the reasons for it being the world leaders of chocolate industry. Users are assured about the qualities of the brand. The strength of Cadbury lies in Dairy milk. Which is the most sold chocolate in Indi Cadbury has adjusted itself to all the custom around the world according to the market. Cadbury is a leader in innovation and has established brand name, and has strong competence in manufacturing. Cadbury has a advantage as it has understanding of consumer in the segment of chocolate, candy and chewing gum. With 9.9% of global market share Cadbury is the largest confectionery in the world. Weaknesses The competitors of Cadbury e.g. Nestle  have a very diverse product portfolio, where as it only depend on the confectionery and beverage market, where as its competitors can use profits from other areas of the business. Cadbury doesnt have great international experience like its other competitors; it has traditionally been strong in United Kingdom Europe only. New to America, it possibly lacks the understanding of the new emerging markets compared to competitors. Threats Worldwide there has been an increase in demand for cost environment, particularly for energy, packaging, sugar and transport. Global supply chain in low cost locations. There is competitive pressure from other brands in the market, nationally and globally. Over aggressive promotion and price activity by its competitors there is a possible price war in all developed markets. Social concerns, rise in obesity and consumers obsession with calorie count. Nutritional and healthier lifestyles is very much affecting demand for core products of Cadbury. Opportunities The opportunities lie in new markets, i.e. developing countries and emerging markets like China, Russia, India and other Asian countries where populations are growing, the wealth of consumer is increasing and there is a high demand for confectionery products. The market of confectionery highly characterized by a degree of acquisition and merger activity in recent past. There are opportunities to increase the share through specific acquisitions. The main key for survival in the Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) market is increasing efficiency and cost reduction. Cadburys Fuel in Growth  and cost efficiency of programmes seeks to bring huge cost savings by, Moving production to countries with low costs, where the raw materials required and labour cost is cheaper, reduce internal costs and use supply chain efficiently, global out sourcing and procurement, and wise investment in Research Development. Innovation is the most important and key driver in any kind of market. To respond to variety in consumer preferences and tastes like healthier snacks with low calories needs to be developed. There should be more of sugar-free products in the Cadburys premium indulgence treats like its center filled chewing gum varieties. There is a high demand for low-fat, natural and organic confectionery. 2.2 Porters Five Forces Analysis Supplier Power   The Cadbury Company has got many contracted suppliers that are able to support their on-going production operations. There is an existing competition in the market, for the raw materials such as nuts or special ingredients but still it is sufficient enough to satisfy their production requirements. Cadbury has maintained a very good relationship with their supplier which is considered as a very good an advantage. Barriers to Entry   Cadbury is already very popularly and widely known, it can easily earn the trust of the countries. The only and the main hindrance that might affect the production of the Cadbury is to find a good positioning and gather the necessary requirements for the smooth entry and running of the factory and the foreign policy and laws that might affect the operation. Power of Buyer   The demands for chocolates have gone down because of the existence of health conscious. The price of the product is no longer subjected on the demand of the people but is now subjected to the increasing number of competitors in the market that offers the similar type of products at a much lower cost might be the cause of the customer loyalty alteration. Rivalries   There are many competitors in the business who are planning to take over the supremacy of the company that has been kept for years. The difference in the choice of the customers depends on their taste and preferences. And in the recent past, companies like Nestle in this market are continuously developing their new products or innovating new ideas making it harder to compete. Threats for Substitutes   There is not much of a threat which comes from other competitors, because of the well established brand name in the market created by the company. Through their huge level of equity, the brand name of Cadbury is transformed into three different classes that makes more effectiveness in the market. 3 .Macro Environment: PEST Analysis Political: The Company has a strong advantage as it is very senior in confectionery business. With this advantage the company to manage to adjust in every country around the globe. Another advantage is the seniority of the management which enables the new foreign country to also welcome the companys existence in their market because of its good competence in the market. Economic: Without any doubt Cadbury is making a huge contribution in United Kingdom as well as in the economies of the other foreign countries where it operates. The number of sweet lovers around the world is very high which ranges from all sections of the society, the company has label to its name as the best choice available in the market for sweet loving consumers around the world. The economic downturn is another contradicting factor that is affecting all confectionery companies. Social: People have sweets after every meal so the impact of this business on the society is really great. Therefore, many of the individuals can enjoy the happiness it brings inside the house. And in some other cases many people turn down the idea of eating chocolates because of many health related problems like obesity, stomach infections and dental problems i.e. cavity and gum weaknesses. When it comes to valuing of the people, Cadbury highly recognizes the rights of the workforce and has been valuing the ideas they might like to contribute for their progress. Providing hygienic and excellent work conditions for its work force has been one the top most aims of the company from the beginning of the company, it can be clearly seen in the factory in garden concept of their Birmingham plant which opened in the late 19th century. Technology   Cadbury has always been a company who recognises the traditional crafting of chocolates, but also knows the importance of technology in the line of production and in the industry. From the production line, Cadbury has incorporated into various types of machinery that make their production to be a very cost-efficient procedure. 4. Cadburys Marketing Mix Product: A product is a good, service, an idea or a place- whatever is offered for sale in exchange. The product aspect of marketing also includes the packaging, physical features, design and any other associated services. So we know that a product is a many different elements put together for the success of the product (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 37). In case of Cadbury there are a range of products from chocolate bars, cakes and biscuits, drinks, ice-cream and boxes, bags and tins of chocolates. To be more specific in the chocolate bars they provide from their classics like Dairy Milk, Bournville to the new products like Crunchie, Twirl, Wispa, Twisted, Flake, Boost, Chomp, Double Decker and one of its latest products launched in the year 2010 called the Silk. There product is mainly targeted towards the young population of the market. Source: (http://cadbury.co.uk/ourproducts/today/Pages/jsversion.aspx) Price: Price is amount the consumer must give to receive an offering. Price is used as a way to increase consumers interest in a particular product, for example to put an item on sale (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 37). Cadbury offers a range of chocolate bars and other products from the price range on 55p to  £3. During Christmas it has special range of gift pack items which are available in packs of  £18,  £21.50,  £35 and  £50. Whereas the competitors in market have lower rates but Cadburys customers are assured of its quality. Source: (http://www.sainsburys.co.uk/sol/index.jsp, http://cadbury.co.uk/home/Pages/home.aspx) Promotion: Promotional activities include what the marketers have undertaken to inform consumers of their product and to get new customers to buy these projects. There are many promotional activities which are run by Cadbury like the 2 for 1 offer and during the holidays they special gift packages which can be used for Christmas and New Year. Its been in promotion from the early 1900s when it used to use posters by famous artist. Cadbury Dairy Milk poster campaigns used the iconic glass and half image to stress its high milk content. And in 50s it showed the Bournville Story in cinema halls. And during the TV age there was huge adverts with comic characters Mel Smith and Peter Cook. The Cadbury Gorilla ad premiered, immediately becoming one of the most popular and critically acclaimed TV ads of recent years.Source: (http://cadbury.co.uk/cadburyandchocolate/ourstory/advertising/Pages/advertising.aspx) Place: There is no use having a great product if the target customer cannot easily access it. This is where the place part of the marketing mix is important. Cadbury needs to find the most cost-effective  channel of distribution  to get their main products to their target customers. The nature of the product and its target audience will influence the places at which a company wishes to sell its products. As Cadburys product is low-priced, i.e. a chocolate bar and other chocolates, it uses intensive distribution by getting their product into as many retail shops and outlets as possible Source: (http://www.skillsspace.co.uk/business_studies/14to16/marketing/place.asp). 5. The Segmentation, Targeting and Positioning Strategy Cadbury: a. Segmentation: Cadburys market place is comprised of many different segments of consumers, each with different wants and needs. It can be categorised into four segments i.e. Break Segment: The products which are consumed as snatched break and normally consumed with tea or coffee, for instance Cadburys Time out and snack range. Impulse Segment: Most of these products are just purchased on impulse, for consuming at the time on purchase only; they include Twirl, Star Bar, Crunchie and Dairy Milk. Take Home Segment: These are the products which are purchased in a purchased in a super market and stored at home for later consumption, like Cocoa powder and hot chocolate. Gift Segment: Specially packed boxes of a variety of Cadbury chocolates, for the purpose of giving as a gift on occasion like Birthday, New Year or Christmas. b. Targeting: Targeting is a step in which marketers evaluate the attractiveness of each potential segment and decide which of these groups they will invest resources against to try to turn them into customers (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 222). .Cadbury has many targeted markets around the world. The female population makes up more than Indian population in any country. This is a large customer base for the products. The main aim for targeting the female population is that it will be in a position to influence the rest of the population to purchase the product. The female population is the largest consumer of chocolate product not only in the United Kingdom market but in other markets as well. The other targeted market is that of the kids segment which also comprises of most of the sales of chocolate in any part of the world. c. Positioning: Positioning means developing marketing strategy aimed at influencing how a particular market segment perceives a good in comparison to the competition (Solomon, et al Marketing Real people, Real decisions, First European Edition Page 227). 6. Recommendations: Cadbury should increase Marketing and  promotion  globally by marketing new and different products in emerging markets. It should focus on non-chocolate development and acquisitions by developing a new line of non-chocolate candies. Development of novelty and specialty markets like Gourmet Line on Internet, by developing gourmet line that is to be distributed via internet. Aggressive new product should be development like low calories, sugar free chocolates. This has to be done by researching and developing new products with joint venture. It should concentrate more on the American markets as it has high revenue in this particular industry and Cadbury doesnt have any strong roots, it is mostly dominated by Hersheys. It should also develop new products for the kids segment, which now days is a very huge market.

Misguided Gothic Authors :: gothic

Misguided Gothic Authors      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In many ways the fascination with the gothic style of art, represented by music, literature, film, and others, is nothing more than a way for the observer to escape from real life and its many responsibilities. Gothic art claims to be profound and contain great esoteric meaning with life changing impact, yet the characters and the message are more often weak, unproductive, crippled, or even mad. Examples of this flaw in the argument in favor of the gothic imagination are given in the works by Beethoven, Goethe, Rice, and Gilman. It will be revealed that these authors have been misguided often by their own escapist nature to create a false reality and promote it as meaningful. In truth, the gothic imagination is the imagination of those who are looking for an excuse for their laziness and purpose behind their protective depression.      Ã‚   There is no question that the work of Beethoven are tremendous and phenomenal. His talent as a composer has rarely been closely met. The maturation of his compositions show a growth of important musical literature that admitted have changed the world within and without the realm of music. This fact has been a powerful tool carried by those promoting the gothic imagination for far too long. It is true that Beethoven was deaf and that he had difficult relations with his family as well as various women in his life. This gives no call for belief that he was any different than any of the other millions of people in the world that have been in the same situation. It is suggested that his great works were due to his suffering and gothic mind. It is suggested that he struggled and transcended because he was a gothic hero. The abuse of the contributions of such a remarkable musician is almost in excusable. In attempts to justify their own suffering and to give excuse for their inabil ity to operate within normal human society, the gothics will say that Beethoven was misunderstood, suffered, and died miserably, and so will they. They have given up to the world and now feel justified in doing so.      Ã‚   Beethoven was a man with a great amount of talent and influence in his world which does set him apart somewhat from others. He also had a great deal of pain in his life which sets him apart from very few others in this world.

Active involvement through the study circle Essay

Introduction The Study Circle is a dynamic process wherein the experience and participation of the participants makes up the educational method for this program. Since its beginnings, it has been identified as an emancipatory method of teaching wherein a democratic arena for learning is present especially for young adults. The idea underlying this is that learning could be acquired through sharing of participating members (Putu, 2006). History of Study Circle Aiming at transforming his country, a place wherein widespread poverty and a great gap between the poor and rich exist, Oscar Olsson arrived at America in 1893. Olson is searching for a form of education or method that would be beneficial to transforming his country into a place where justice and liberty work side by side with democracy in order for its people to educate or learn by themselves (Andrews, 1997). Olsson soon found out what he was looking for in America in an unlikely place, an adult education movement sponsored by the Chautauqua literary and scientific circle. From this adult education movement, Olsson was able to discover a form of education called Study Circle and is being referred today as the â€Å"education by the people, for the people and of the people† (Andrews, 1997). After learning or finding out about the Study Circle, Olsson came back to his country which is Sweden and here he began to write a series of report about the Study Circle and incorporated his own theories and ideas about the method. At this time, Oscar Olsson principles and views are influenced heavily by John Dewey and it is known that he has the same philosophical, theoretical and practical approach to education to Tao Xingzhi and Yan Yangchu, both considered as scholars who were also influenced by Dewey’s teaching and principles (Persson, 2006). Olsson’s ideals made way for the creation of Sweden Study Circle in 1902 in the Lund branch of the International Order of Good Templar. First of its kind, the Study Circle emphasize four key areas concerning the Study Circle (Persson, 2006). They are the following: 1) In order for everyone to join the Study Circle, the program must be cheap and in doing so, no one would be desist in joining or participating in the program because of economic reason. 2) The method must be simple that everyone won’t have a hard time participating in the discussion regardless of educational background or schooling. 3) Participants shall meet as equals and have equal possibilities to voice out their opinions about their studies regardless of their social status or background. 4) Lastly, the library and books will play an important role in the education of the participants (Persson, 2006). For Olsson, the Study Circle is a method of organizing studies which focuses on the idea that every participant should educate himself. Study Circle educates its participants by letting them choose their own literature and actively communicating with other participants using their own knowledge during groups discussion and meetings. In doing so, Study Circle was known as forum of democracy, in which participants were held responsible for the contents and the method (Persson, 2006). Olsson also incorporated in the Study Circle the joy of learning. He reasoned out that by spending time and energy on education, the brain will get a strong impression that knowledge is pleasure. Furthermore, Olsson agreed that continuous education and questioning could only be supplied by a stable atmosphere and spirit (Persson, 2006). Review of Related Literature Basic Principles Underlying Study Circles Derived from the ideas of Oscar Olsson, didactic principles that emphasize the role of members in a group were laid down to ensure that the Study Circle would function and work according to its purpose (Brattset, 1982). The principles describe the method as an active process, wherein knowledge will be realized into actions and social changes that could promote development. According to Kindstorm (2002), the method espouses the following principles: 1) Equality and democracy – The principles of democracy and equality allow the members to work hand in hand by allowing the exchange of views and information through dialogues and conversation. 2) Change and action – Being responsible for the education of their fellow members, education on Study Circle won’t just be concern on education but also the development of each member. 3) Study Materials – Books and Libraries will play the role of teachers, as they will be the source of new knowledge and information for the members. What subject to learn or book to read will be decided upon by the members. 4) Freedom and the objectives of Study Circle – Study Circle emphasize the idea that freedom comes with responsibility. The members will have to work in accordance with organization’s framework while carrying out their educational duties and work. 5) Experiences and Co-operation – their will be no competing inside Study Circle and every members walk side by side with each other in trying to educate not only themselves but also their fellow members. Their experience and knowledge before entering the program will bring in new ideas and concept. 6) Active participation and continuous planning – Determining the education level inside a Study Circle will depend on how active the members will be in the program. It is through participating that members will have the chance to voice out their opinion and individual knowledge in front of other members and from this, learning from other people begins. Study Circle is built upon the active participation of its members. Furthermore, individuals may learn best by setting up objectives and goals that will serve as their guide during the program. Although things might have changed because of the year gap, Olsson’s ideas set the standard for future Study Circles. Although other ideas came after the first Study Circle was created, the principles that Olsson established were able to ensure that Study Circles will work as he envisioned them (Kindstorm, 2002).

buy custom Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System essay

buy custom Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System essay The Belize Barrier Reef is the second largest reef in the world after the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. Its clear warm waters from its rivers and stream sources form a very good marine environment for the coral reefs. This series of coral reef stretch around 190miles and it consists of seven marine reserves, three atolls and 450 cayes. In total, it is 96,300 hectors. It is the top tourist destination in Belize. It is most popular for diving, snorkeling and its good fishing area. The ecological and biological processes supported here are of utmost importance and has led it to be named a world heritage site. The Belize Barrier Reef platform lies on the Atlantic-Caribbean coast and extends 260 km from the border with Mexico on the northern side, and near the Guatemalan border to the south. Life Forms in the Barrier Reef Reserve System The flora and fauna life in this barrier reef is remarkable; there are a total of 178 terrestrial plants and 247 taxa of marine flora. Vegetation types include178 species of vascular plants, 32 non-native species, White mangrove, Occasional black mangrove and lagoons. Animal Life is prevalent here too. There are over 500 species of fish, 65 scleritian corals, 45 hydroids and 350 molluses. Only 10% of the reef has been researched (Harrabin, Roger, 2006). Belize world heritage site is made up of the following proposed protected areas: 1)Glovers Reef Marine Reserve It has amazingly beautiful coral around eight hundred in number. It also supports wide variety of fauna including the endangered type of fish called Nassau Grouper (Handwerk Lauri, 2003). It is home for several types of rays, sharks and sea turtles. In Glovers Reef Marine Reserve, you will find the best biologically developed atoll in the Caribbean, the Glover's Reef Atoll. It is 394km2 and has the greatest diversity of reef types on earth. 2)Hol Chan Marine Reserve: It is considered as the best dive spot in Belize.It covers approximately 18 km and consists of interlinked system of coral reefs and mangroves. It is a natural break in the reef and a very productive fishing area. Here sport fishing is allowed. It is considered the best place to be for any scuba diver. 3)Half Moon Caye Natural monument: Situated 100 km east of Belize City, on the south-east edge of the Lighthouse Reef, it is located in 15 square miles of an area surrounded by waters and 10, 000 acres of the atoll. It holds the entire caye, large portion of the fringing reef and lagoon. The national park is the home to the rare red-footed booby birds, which are found only in Belize and the Galapagos Islands (McField, Bood, 2007). 4)Great Blue Hole: Located at the center of the Lighthouse Reef; it is a huge circular hole about one quarter of milecrossunderwater sinkhole.The water is 480 feet deep inside the hole. The depth of the water is what brings about the blue color. It was said to be a limestone cave during the earlier glacial period. When sea levels rose, the caves got flooded and the roof colapsed resulting in the hole. Today, this wonder hole is The Ultimate Dive Location for scuba divers. The waters house various species of fish, Nurse Sharks, Giant groupers and Black tip shark. Great Blue Hole is one of the most famous astounding dive sites in the world. Ecology of the area The ecosystem of the Belize coral reef is amazing. Blues of these organisms are sea urchins, sponges and grazing fish. Forces like that of waves also help in fragmenting the settle. Coralline algae are also important contributors to reef structure to those parts of the reef subjected to great forces by waves (such as the reef front facing the ocean). These algae deposit limestone in sheets on the reef surface, thereby strengthening it Biological Interrelationship The communities of coastal Belize as well as urban centers nearby have access to marine and near-shore resources. The reef is significantly important to the economy of Belize. Belize Barrier reef Reserve was initially important in fishing industry because of its wide range of species that was harvested. Recently, they have specialized with queen conch and lobster (Programme, U.N., 2009). This two make up the biggest percentage of exported seafood. There is also a domestic fishery and commercial fishery for deep slope snappers. The main use of the barrier reef though is tourism. People travel from everywhere around the world to tour the Belize barrier reef. It is famous for diving and snorkeling. Climate issues and flora issues The climate change has increased concerns on the well being of the reef. The main issue is global warming that increases ocean temperatures and when this happens there is coral bleaching. There has been two mass bleaching events. According to biologists and costal management institute in Belize, the first resulted in 10% mortality of coral colonies (1995) and the second caused a 48% reduction in live coral across Belize reef system. Hurricanes also do significant damage to Belizes coral reef. How Human Interference Affects the Area The population around has increased and thus significant human interference. Belize barrier reef reserve, its marine resources and forests are under threat mainly the following human activities; Over-exploitation of reef resources. This is mostly by fishing and tourism. The boat's anchors damage the reefs within eespecially near the Hol Chan area, the reefs are showing signs of stress also caused by over collection (Furley Ratter, 2002). Rapid coastal development leading to hotel and marina constructionand this is causing habitat alterations because of the high deforestation rate. Improper solid waste management like Sewagefrom urban centers, residential andtourist resorts causing pollution. Removal of vegetation including mangroves and seagrass areas resulting in erosion of the shoreline also, native vegetation on cays has been eliminated to create space for coconut plantations; this mostly affects the unique bird fauna found in the reef as it is deprived of nesting area (Flomenhoft, Cayetano Young, 2007). Sand mining and dredging causing choking of corals by siltation. Steps taken to Protect the Belize Barrier Reef. Management is being delegated to local communities and non-governmental organizations, but the government agencies are giving the support and assistance required. There are also Seasons or size limits descriptions of the types of activities permitted, descriptions of programs of research.Priority for clear-cutting by urban development steps to stop the threat of breeding colonies (Government of Belize, 2004). If funds were made available, the following could be done to help in Belize reef conservation. Environment education especially to the local people on how to conserve their environment and empowerment to the local communityto an extent of involving them when making decisions regarding their environment. Management plans for the Barrier reef that has been prepared to be enforced. These plans include Surveillance of certain areas in the barrier reef Training staff in environment conservation. Seasonal tourism recreation activities. This Plan will develop the conservation of the country's coastal resources through, development in monitoring and planning techniques, implementation of applied research, institutional strengthening and enhancement of public awareness. Actions an individual can undertake to ensure preservation of the barrier reef. An individual can play a significant role in Enhancing public awareness on the need to preserve this amazing barrier reef. The local community should be the main target as they can help in enforcement of rules set, example reporting those who fish illegally In conclusion, there are major concerns about the damages to the Belize barrier reef as the resources are deteriorating. Reef ecosystem is of remarkable biological importance and amazing beauty. It also provides a habitat for plenty of marine life species and is an area of great scientific value. All this is in danger of being lost. Only 10% of the reef has been researched.90% of the reef is not well known and if the funds are available, a lot will be done to ensure that the reef is safe and that it retains its biological and aesthetic value. Buy custom Belize Barrier Reef Reserve System essay

How To Say However or Nevertheless in Spanish

How To Say However or Nevertheless in Spanish Spanish has several ways of indicating that what is said might seem to be at odds with what the listener might expect. Examples in English involve words or phrases such as, however, in spite of, and nevertheless. In grammatical terms, statements such words or are called terms of concession. Using Terms of Concession Following are some of the words or phrases of concession used in Spanish. Note that in the translations of sample sentences, a variety of English words can be used, depending on the context. Note also that many of the Spanish words are freely interchangeable with at least one other. For example, there is no real difference in meaning between sin embargo and no obstante, although the latter is more formal, just as there is little or no difference in meaning between even so and however. Also note that some of the words have uses other than those listed here. Keep in mind that many of the words or phrases of concession can be followed by a verb in the subjunctive mood, especially if the verb refers to an action or state in the future, or to an action or state that is occurring in the present and is expected to continue to the future. Phrases A Through G A pesar de Come a pesar de todo. (He eats in spite of everything.)A pesar de las crà ­ticas, la cantante defiende su nueva imagen. (Despite the critics, the singer defends her new image.)A pesar de que somos oponentes polà ­ticos, no somos rivales personales. (Even though were political opponents, we arent personal rivals.) Asà ­ or aun asà ­ Asà ­ yo tenga mucho trabajo, no tengo dinero. (Even though I have a lot of work, I dont have money.)Paciencia es la clave, asà ­ sea difà ­cil. (Patience is the key, although is difficult.)Asà ­ compres muchas cosas, cuenta como una. (Although you are buying many items, they count as one.) In other contexts, asà ­ often means so or otherwise is used to emphasize what precedes or follows. When asà ­ means although, it is always followed by a verb in the subjunctive mood. Aunque Aunque estaba lloviznando, decidimos salir. (Although it was drizzling, we decided to leave.)Debes estudiar, aunque no quieras. (You must study even though you dont want to.)Es inteligente aunque algo excà ©ntrica. (Shes intelligent but a bit eccentric.) Bien que Explà ­came esto bien que no entiendo. (Explain this to me even though I dont understand.)Lo vi bien que era las dos de la maà ±ana. (I saw it well even though it was 2 a.m.) Be aware that most often, bien que isnt a phrase but rather simply bien followed by que. For example, Est bien que existan diferencias simply means it is good that there are differences. Phrases H through R Incluso si La guerra continuar incluso si el pà ºblico se cansa. (The war will continue even if the public is tired of it.)Una mascota puede hacerte sonreà ­r incluso si tienes un mal dà ­a. (A pet can make you smile even if youre having a bad day.) No obstante No obstante este problema debe de estar en manos de la ONU. (However, this problem should be in the hands of the U.N.)No obstante, el à ºltimo aà ±o tambià ©n ha sido desalentador para mucha gente. (Nevertheless, the last year has been discouraging for many people.) Por ms/mucho que Por ms que te duela, es lo que necesitas. (Even though it hurts you, its what you need.)Por mucho que gano, no consigo llegar a fin de mes. (However much I earn, I cant make it to the end of the month.) Phrases S Through Z Sin embargo Sin embargo, cada uno salià ³ del teatro. (Nevertheless, each one left the theater.)Sin embargo, las cosas siguen muy complicadas en el Yucatn. (Even so, things keep on being very complex in the Yucatan.) Siquiera Tienes que reconocer un error, siquiera sea mà ­nimo. (You have to recognize an error, even though it is minimal.)Pienso tratar ese problema, siquiera no pueda hacerlo ahora. (I think I will tackle this problem, even though I cant do it now.) Y eso que El asfalto de este pueblucho triplica el calor que hace. Y eso que estamos al lado del mar. (The asphalt of this awful town makes it three times as hot even though we are next to the sea.)Estoy enfermo y eso que el horà ³scopo del diario no lo decà ­a. (I am sick, although the daily horoscope didnt say that would happen.) Y eso que is always followed by a verb in the indicative mood.

Pick an international event (from any time period) and apply either Research Paper

Pick an international event (from any time period) and apply either the systemic or domestic level of analysis to that event. In - Research Paper Example The paper aims at providing an intensive review of the historical validity and impacts of the WWI on United States history. Discussion The First World War occurred between 1914 and 1919 and was an intensively bloody war with massive life losses and minimal ground lost. Mainly fighters in trenches fought the war, and it led to approximated ten million or more militants dead and approximately 21 million more wounded. While various nations hoped that the war would be crucial to put a stop to all other wars, in the real sense, the culminating peace agreement set the pace for the Second World War (Dutton 98). The First World War destroyed various empires and weakened others. For instance, the Russian Revolution of 1917 following the regime of Czarist collapse, which ended in the seizure of the authority by Bolsheviks. With the overthrow of the military group in 1918, the Austro-Hungarian and Ottoman kingdoms declined, whereas Germany substituted the administration of Kaiser with the natio n of Weimar. New nation states including Poland, Yugoslavia and Czechoslovakia emerged from formers empires (Protess, Callaway and Vernon 234). Consequently, victory for the allies of the Europe nations came at an increased price. They owed more than $12 billion to the U.S, which was endorsed from a former net defaulter to a higher status (net creditor). In addition, New York City substituted London as the international economic headquarter. Additionally, the European allies experienced high demands for self-rule mainly from their colonies. Similarly, European allies lost control over sufficient economic and military resources to shape global affairs as before. Near the culmination of the WW1, Japan and USA joined the leading nations at the 1919 Unity charter, in Paris, together with other nations such as France, UK and Italy, with the president of the USA, Woodrow Wilson taking a central role. The president formed the League of Nations a fundamental part of the Versailles Treaty wi th Germany (Gracia 104). The U.S and the allies, failed to acknowledge the government of Bolsheviks in Russia, and consequently, exempted the Soviet Union from Paris. In addition, Wilson strived for maintenance of unity and cooperation that would preserve industrialist and democratic countries. Reinforcing the principle of self-determination at national level, Wilson summoned the post war (aftermath) league of nations to offer a collective security to all its members. Further, he expected the national league, under the leadership of Americans, to protect the political independence and territorial integrity of its members, against external hostility, and, therefore, preserve the peace (Keene 248). Americans reacted against Woodrow Wilson’s firm wartime leadership, for instance, the elections in 1918 reduced Democrats to the inferior (minority) in congress. Moreover, after the crisis, with the removal of policies and rules by wartime organizations, the U.S suffered intensive ec onomic upturn, inflation, and labor go-slows. The Expeditionary Forces of America returned from France and rapidly demoralized. In addition, the Congress, with the 1920 National Defense Act, reduced the American army to almost its pre-war level. Rapid disbursement and restructuring led to social strife in the U.S in early 1918 and 1921. Irrespective of the wartime loyalty, numerous Americans such as black American were mainly the critical victims of

Nursing Practice in Singapore Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Nursing Practice in Singapore - Research Paper Example How do the patient’s vital signs affect your nursing care? Vital signs reflect a response to nursing and medical care. The patient’s BP will be checked before administering his BP medication, following which the BP will also be checked an hour following the administration of BP medication. Patient’s vital signs will be checked q 4 hours. Pain medication will be administered only if there is any pain and response to the medication will be checked after an hour of administration of the drugs. The main concern in this patient is blood pressure. The patient was a clerk in a private office until a couple of years ago when he sought voluntary retirement because of his illness. The patient lives with his wife. He has four sons, all of who are married and live separately. He does not have much financial help, except for some from his sons. He feels that racial discrimination and acculturation are two factors which ruined his life.   The patient went to Milby HS but did not graduate.   He could not graduate for financial reasons and other commitments. The patient is a cooperative person but is depressed because of his chronic illness. He enjoys movies. He is independent and is aware of his body needs and limitations. He, however, is unable to control the urge to consume alcohol. He does have a backache now and then but is not worried about that.   He enjoys a body massage. He does care about how he looks. In fact, he jokes that he is a â€Å"shabby guy†. I explained to the patient about the diet he must be taking. The prescribed diet for him is a diabetic diet with low salt and low potassium food in view of hypertension and chronic renal failure. I provided the information in the form of a chart after consulting his daily food timings and interests. I made a tailor-made diet chart for him.